Vaginal Dryness: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Methods

Vaginal dryness is a problem many women face, especially during menopause. However, it can also occur much earlier due to premature ovarian failure or surgical menopause. It is important to understand the causes and consult a doctor to address this issue.

Causes of Vaginal Dryness

The primary cause of vaginal dryness is a decrease in estrogen levels. Estrogen plays a key role in maintaining the normal function of the vagina. When estrogen levels drop, the amount of glycogen, which serves as a nutrient for beneficial lactobacilli, also decreases. This can lead to:

• Reduced proliferation of vaginal mucosal cells.
• Vaginal dysbiosis due to a decrease in beneficial bacteria.
• Atrophic changes in the mucous membrane, which may cause discomfort and painful sensations.

Symptoms of Vaginal Dryness

Vaginal dryness can manifest through various symptoms, which significantly affect the quality of life. The main symptoms include:

• Itching and burning: discomfort may occur at rest or worsen during intercourse.
• Pain during intercourse: insufficient lubrication of the vaginal mucosa can lead to pain and discomfort.
• Bloody discharge: small blood stains after intercourse, often caused by mucosal injury.
• Painful urination: due to dryness and irritation of the mucous membrane.

How to Treat Vaginal Dryness?

Treatment for vaginal dryness depends on the underlying cause. This can include hormone therapy or the use of local moisturizing agents. Let's explore the main treatment options:

• Hormone Therapy: it may be prescribed for systemic or local application to restore normal estrogen levels.
• Moisturizing Agents: special creams and gels for the vagina can help improve the condition of the mucosa and reduce discomfort.
• Lubricants: using water-based lubricants during intercourse helps reduce dryness and pain.

When Should You See a Doctor?

Do not be embarrassed about vaginal dryness. If you notice painful symptoms such as itching, burning, pain during intercourse, or bloody discharge, it is important to consult a doctor. They will conduct an examination and may recommend colposcopy and other tests to rule out serious conditions such as cancerous diseases.

Conclusion

Vaginal dryness is an issue that can and should be addressed. Modern treatment methods such as hormone therapy and moisturizers will help alleviate unpleasant symptoms and restore comfort. The most important thing is not to delay seeing a doctor and start treatment promptly.

Don’t hesitate to consult specialists, as timely treatment will help prevent unpleasant consequences and improve the quality of life.