Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS): Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) refers to a collection of symptoms that occur in women a few days before the start of menstruation. How can you cope with this condition, and when should you see a doctor? Let’s take a closer look.

What is PMS?

PMS is caused by cyclical changes in hormonal levels, leading to a decrease in endorphins and other neurotransmitters responsible for mood regulation. Symptoms can range from mild to severe and affect the quality of life.

Main PMS Symptoms:

Emotional: irritability, mood swings, fatigue.
Physical: bloating, headache, muscle aches, weight gain.
Behavioral: increased appetite, sleep problems.

When Should You Get Checked?

Some PMS symptoms may resemble signs of other conditions, such as thyroid issues. Therefore, it's important to get checked:

Visit a gynecologist for an examination.
Get hormone tests, including TSH, to rule out thyroid disorders.
Undergo pelvic ultrasound to ensure there are no structural changes.

If the tests and exams are normal and the symptoms are clearly linked to the menstrual cycle, the diagnosis of PMS is confirmed.

Who Needs Treatment?

PMS is a natural response to hormonal changes, and not every woman requires treatment. However:

38% of women experience symptoms that require medical intervention.
2% suffer from severe PMS, which may require psychiatric help.

Indications for Treatment:

Symptoms interfere with work, studies, or daily life.
Severe irritability and reduced productivity.

PMS Treatment Methods

Treatment is tailored to each patient by a doctor. It may include:

Gentle sedatives, such as valerian.
Antidepressants or hormonal medications.
Lifestyle adjustments: physical activity, balanced nutrition.

It is important: self-prescribing medications is not advisable, as it can harm your health.

Conclusion

Premenstrual syndrome is a natural part of the female cycle. In most cases, symptoms do not require treatment. However, if they affect your quality of life, be sure to consult a doctor. Remember, timely diagnosis and the right approach can help alleviate discomfort and improve your well-being.

Share your experience in the comments: have you experienced PMS symptoms, and how did you cope with them?