Osteoporosis: What Is It and How to Fight It?

Osteoporosis is a progressive disease where bones become porous, brittle, and lose their strength. It is a serious condition often found in older individuals, but the onset can begin as early as adolescence. Bones reach their peak mass by the age of 20, and after 35, there is a gradual decrease in bone mass.

When Should You Start Thinking About Osteoporosis?

Many people don't consider osteoporosis until later in life, but it's crucial to focus on bone health from a young age. This is especially important for children and adolescents, for whom support from parents in the form of proper nutrition, physical activity, and necessary vitamins and minerals is vital.

What Is Osteoporosis?

Osteoporosis is a chronic disease that may proceed without symptoms until a bone fracture occurs. This is especially dangerous as even a minor bump can lead to serious injuries, such as a hip fracture. It’s important to note that osteoporosis develops slowly, and symptoms may appear only after significant bone damage has already occurred.

Causes of Osteoporosis

• Genetic predisposition: If there have been cases of hip or spine fractures in your family, the risk of osteoporosis increases.
• Age: The risk of osteoporosis rises with age, especially in women after the age of 35 when hormone levels start to decrease.
• Low body mass: Women with a low body weight may have a higher risk of osteoporosis as fat tissue helps produce estrogen.
• Hormonal imbalances: Estrogen deficiency, especially during menopause or after prolonged breastfeeding, is a key cause of osteoporosis.
• Unhealthy lifestyle: Smoking, alcohol abuse, lack of physical activity, and insufficient calcium intake in the diet significantly increase the risk of developing osteoporosis.
• Diseases affecting metabolism: Disorders in the thyroid, adrenal glands, and other endocrine organs can lead to osteoporosis.

How to Diagnose Osteoporosis?

To diagnose osteoporosis, it is crucial to perform a densitometry — an X-ray test that accurately determines bone density. The T-score used in this examination allows doctors to assess the level of mineral bone density and determine the risk of developing osteoporosis.

What to Do if Osteoporosis Is Diagnosed?

If osteoporosis is diagnosed, it's essential to reassess your lifestyle. Start by adjusting your diet, increasing your intake of calcium and vitamins such as vitamin D, which helps the body absorb calcium better. Also, it's important to include calcium-rich foods in your diet: dairy products, fish, greens, and sesame seeds.

Osteoporosis Prevention: How to Maintain Bone Health

• Nutrition: Regular intake of calcium and vitamin D is crucial for maintaining bone strength.
• Physical activity: Regular exercise helps strengthen bones and improve their density.
• Hormone therapy: For women in menopause or perimenopause, it is important to discuss the possibility of hormone replacement therapy with a doctor.

Conclusion

Osteoporosis is a serious condition that requires careful attention to your health. Start prevention today to maintain strong bones for many years. Consult with your doctor, monitor your diet, and stay physically active to reduce risks and improve your quality of life.