Oligomenorrhea (Rare Periods): Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

Oligomenorrhea is a condition in which periods occur less frequently than every 35 days. It's important to track your menstrual cycle to detect any deviations early and consult a doctor.

What is Oligomenorrhea?

The menstrual cycle is calculated from the first day of the last period to the first day of the next one. If this period is more than 35 days, it is considered oligomenorrhea.

How to Track Your Menstrual Cycle Correctly?

• To ensure accuracy, it's essential to maintain a menstrual calendar.
• Do not rely on the number of days in the month, as month lengths may vary.
• Count the number of days between periods, not the dates on the calendar.

When Should You Consult a Doctor?

If your periods become less frequent than every 35 days, it may indicate reproductive health issues. Some causes of oligomenorrhea include:

• Lack of Ovulation — especially important for women planning pregnancy.
• Endometrial Hyperplasia — can lead to endometrial cancer without treatment.
• Heavy Periods — can cause anemia, which affects health.
• Hypoestrogenism — can lead to osteoporosis and cardiovascular diseases.

Causes of Oligomenorrhea

The main causes of rare periods include:

• Functional Hypothalamic Amenorrhea — disturbances in hypothalamic function.
• Polycystic Ovary Syndrome — one of the most common conditions.
• Hyperprolactinemia — elevated prolactin levels caused by stress, medication, or pituitary tumors.
• Adrenal Cortex Hyperplasia — dysfunction of the adrenal glands.
• Premature Ovarian Failure — can occur in women under 40 years of age.
• Thyroid Disorders — can affect the menstrual cycle.
• Uterine Synechiae — adhesions in the uterus that interfere with normal menstrual flow.

How to Treat Oligomenorrhea?

Treatment for oligomenorrhea depends on the underlying cause of the cycle irregularity. To receive an accurate diagnosis and appropriate therapy, it is necessary to undergo an examination with a gynecologist. Treatment options may include:

• Hormonal medications to restore the menstrual cycle.
• Treatment for underlying conditions if oligomenorrhea is related to other health issues.
• Advice on nutrition, physical activity, and mental health management.

Don't delay visiting your doctor to avoid potential complications and restore a normal menstrual cycle.

Conclusion

Oligomenorrhea is not just rare periods but a signal of possible reproductive health issues. Consult your doctor to identify the causes of irregularities and begin treatment promptly. Maintaining a menstrual calendar will help you track changes and maintain your health.