Cystitis in Women: What It Is and How to Treat It

Cystitis is one of the most common diseases among women. It is inflammation of the bladder, which can manifest in both acute and chronic forms. Approximately every third woman under 24 years old and every second woman under 50 faces cystitis at least once a year. It is important to recognize the symptoms early and seek help to avoid complications.

What is Cystitis?

Cystitis is inflammation of the bladder's mucous membrane, which is most often of infectious origin. The main cause of the disease is Escherichia coli, which enters the urinary system. This is related to the anatomical structure of the female urethra: a short and wide urethra makes it easier for bacteria to enter. Cystitis occurs much more frequently in women than in men due to the proximity of the urethra to the vagina and anus.

Why Does Cystitis Occur?

• Improper hygiene of external genitalia.
• Hypothermia of the body, especially in the pelvic area.
• Dietary violations, especially when consuming spicy and fatty foods.
• Metabolic diseases, such as diabetes.
• Frequent stress and overexertion.
• Presence of sexually transmitted infections.

Symptoms of Cystitis

The main symptoms of cystitis include:

• Frequent urges to urinate, sometimes every few minutes.
• Pain and burning during urination.
• Blood in the urine, which may be visible on toilet paper.
• Lower abdominal pain, ranging from dull to sharp.

If you have these symptoms, it is important to consult a doctor immediately for diagnosis and treatment.

Diagnosis of Cystitis

To diagnose cystitis, a doctor will conduct a thorough examination and take a medical history. It is also necessary to conduct a urine analysis with sediment microscopy, and if necessary, undergo additional tests, such as ultrasound or cystoscopy. In some cases, a urine culture may be needed to identify the pathogen.

How is Cystitis Treated?

Treatment of cystitis requires a comprehensive approach and includes:

• Antibiotics to fight the infection.
• Spasmolytics to relieve pain.
• Anti-inflammatory drugs to reduce inflammation.

In acute forms of cystitis, it is also important to follow a diet, excluding spicy, salty foods, coffee, and alcohol. Bed rest and drinking large amounts of fluids, such as cranberry juice or herbal teas, also help speed up recovery.

Prevention of Cystitis

To reduce the risk of cystitis, follow these recommendations:

• Practice personal hygiene, especially during menstruation. The direction of washing should be from front to back.
• Don't hold it in when you feel the urge to urinate, as delaying can promote infection development.
• Drink sufficient fluids, at least 8 glasses per day.
• Use only natural fabric underwear and avoid synthetic materials.
• Don't overcool, avoid sitting on cold surfaces and immediately change out of wet swimsuits after swimming.

Conclusion

Cystitis is a serious condition that requires attention and treatment. It is important not to self-medicate in order to avoid the disease becoming chronic. At the first signs of cystitis, consult a doctor to undergo diagnosis and begin treatment promptly. Your health is in your hands—practice prevention and stay healthy!