Main Causes of Infertility

Conceiving a child is a complex process that requires the coordinated function of the woman’s reproductive system and good sperm quality from her partner. When pregnancy doesn’t occur, it is important to determine possible causes. Let's look at four key factors.

1. Ovulation Problems

For successful conception, an egg must mature and be released from the follicle (ovulation). Sometimes ovulation does not occur, as in the case of polycystic ovary syndrome, where follicles are present but do not ovulate. In such cases, ovulation can be stimulated with special medications.

• Cause: Lack of ovulation.
• Solution: Ovulation stimulation under medical supervision.

2. Age and Ovarian Reserve

As women age, the quantity and quality of their eggs decrease. Even with a regular cycle, the chances of successful conception drop after 35 years due to age-related changes in eggs.

• Cause: Decreased ovarian reserve.
• Solution: Ovarian reserve diagnosis and personalized treatment approach.

3. Fallopian Tube Blockage

For conception to occur, the fallopian tubes must be open. Infections (such as chlamydia or gonorrhea), inflammation, and surgeries can cause adhesions that block the egg’s path.

• Cause: Adhesions in the fallopian tubes.
• Solution: Fallopian tube patency testing and treatment if necessary.

4. Sperm Quality

For conception, sperm quality is crucial. A sperm analysis (spermogram) helps evaluate the quantity, motility, and morphology of sperm cells.

• Cause: Poor sperm quality.
• Solution: Diagnosis and treatment of male infertility factors.

5. Uterine Factors

The uterine cavity should be healthy, without polyps, fibroids, or hyperplasia, and the endometrium should have a proper thickness and quality. These factors are vital for successful embryo implantation.

• Cause: Polyps, fibroids, endometrial hyperplasia.
• Solution: Uterine examination and correction of abnormalities.

Conclusion

The main causes of infertility include ovulation problems, fallopian tube blockages, sperm quality issues, and uterine conditions. Timely diagnosis and treatment can help couples achieve the long-awaited pregnancy.

Important: If you experience difficulty conceiving, consult a specialist to identify and address any potential causes.