Bacterial Vaginosis: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common gynecological condition related to an imbalance in the vaginal microflora. In this condition, the number of beneficial lactobacilli decreases and the number of opportunistic pathogens increases. Although bacterial vaginosis is not classified as a sexually transmitted infection, neglecting its treatment can lead to more serious health issues. It is important to identify and treat this condition in a timely manner.

What is Bacterial Vaginosis?

Bacterial vaginosis is an imbalance in the normal vaginal microflora, where pathogenic bacteria such as Gardnerella vaginalis outnumber normal lactobacilli. This imbalance can lead to unpleasant symptoms and increase the risk of developing other infections, including sexually transmitted diseases.

Causes of Bacterial Vaginosis

There are many factors that contribute to the development of bacterial vaginosis. The primary causes include:

• Hormonal changes: Fluctuations in hormone levels can disrupt the vaginal flora balance.
• Change in sexual partner: Frequent changes in sexual partners can affect the vaginal microbiome.
• Antibiotic use: Antibiotics can kill beneficial bacteria in the vagina and promote the growth of harmful microorganisms.
• Hygiene issues: Both insufficient and excessive hygiene can lead to an imbalance in the vaginal microflora.
• Stress: Chronic stress can also influence vaginal flora.

Symptoms of Bacterial Vaginosis

The main symptoms of bacterial vaginosis include:

• Excessive discharge: A watery consistency without itching or burning.
• Unusual odor: A characteristic fishy smell, which is a key symptom of the condition.
• No pain: Typically, bacterial vaginosis does not cause pain.

How is Bacterial Vaginosis Diagnosed?

Diagnosing bacterial vaginosis is straightforward. A gynecologist uses several methods for diagnosis:

• pH test of the vagina: A test strip is used to measure vaginal pH. If the pH level is above 4.5, it may indicate bacterial vaginosis.
• Key cell identification: Key cells can be detected in a smear, confirming the diagnosis.
• Microscopic examination: A microscope is used to identify pathogenic microorganisms.

Treatment of Bacterial Vaginosis

Treating bacterial vaginosis is typically not difficult. The treatment plan usually includes:

• Antibiotic therapy: Prescribing medications to kill pathogenic microorganisms.
• Restoring the microflora: Using products that restore the normal vaginal flora (e.g., lactobacilli supplements).
• Hygiene recommendations: Maintaining proper hygiene while avoiding excessive douching and improper intimate hygiene products.

How to Prevent Bacterial Vaginosis?

To prevent bacterial vaginosis, follow these simple rules:

• Maintain intimate hygiene: Perform regular hygiene procedures, but avoid over-washing or douching.
• Avoid stress: Maintain balance in your life to minimize stress.
• Proper nutrition: A diet rich in vitamins and minerals supports the health of the vaginal microflora.
• Regular gynecological checkups: Schedule routine medical exams to detect problems early.

Conclusion

Bacterial vaginosis is an unpleasant but easily treatable condition that should not be ignored. If you experience symptoms of this condition, don't delay visiting your gynecologist. Proper treatment and restoration of vaginal microflora can help alleviate symptoms and prevent more serious health issues.

If you have any questions or need treatment, schedule an appointment with me. I will help you solve the problem!