Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB)

Hello! Today, we will discuss an important topic—abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), which is not related to menstruation. Often, women mistakenly perceive all bloodstains as menstruation, but it's important to understand that menstruation has specific features such as cyclicity, regularity, and duration. If the bleeding doesn't meet these characteristics, it may indicate abnormal uterine bleeding.

What is Abnormal Uterine Bleeding?

Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) refers to any vaginal bleeding that does not follow a normal menstrual cycle. It can manifest as bleeding between periods, heavy or prolonged menstruation. There are various causes of AUB, and we will cover the main ones.

Main Causes of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding

• Endometriosis: Causes spotting before menstruation and heavy periods.
• Endometrial Polyps: Can cause bleeding in the middle of the menstrual cycle.
• Endometrial Hyperplasia: Characterized by heavy bleeding both during menstruation and outside the cycle.
• Uterine Fibroids: Increase the volume and duration of menstruation.
• Ovulatory Disorders: Can lead to delayed menstruation or scanty bleeding.
• Cervical Pathology: May cause contact bleeding, especially after intercourse.
• Hormonal Medications: Certain medications can affect the menstrual cycle.

What Bleeding Can Occur in Different Pathologies?

Depending on the cause of abnormal bleeding, the discharge may vary in volume, duration, and character. For example:

• Endometriosis: Spotting before menstruation, heavy periods, and painful menstruation.
• Endometrial Polyps: Bleeding in the middle of the menstrual cycle.
• Endometrial Hyperplasia: Heavy bleeding during menstruation and outside the cycle.
• Uterine Fibroids: Heavy and prolonged menstruation.

Diagnostic and Treatment Methods

To diagnose abnormal uterine bleeding, a doctor's examination is necessary. The key stages of diagnosis include:

• Pelvic Examination: To exclude cervical pathology.
• Ultrasound: To detect polyps, endometrial hyperplasia, and uterine fibroids.
• Hormonal Tests: To diagnose hormonal disorders.
• Blood Coagulation Tests: To rule out coagulation disorders.

Once the cause of bleeding is established, the doctor will develop an individualized treatment plan, which may include medication, surgery, or hormonal therapy.

Why Is It Important to See a Doctor?

Abnormal uterine bleeding should not be ignored. It can lead to serious health consequences, such as anemia, low hemoglobin levels, and dysfunction of the body. Early consultation with a doctor and proper diagnosis can help prevent complications and improve your well-being.

Conclusion

Abnormal uterine bleeding is a signal that should not be ignored. It is important to consult a doctor promptly for diagnosis and treatment to avoid further complications and restore health.